Machine for forming and blowing glass articles.



J. LWABBOGAST. MAUHINB FOB FORMING All!) BLOWING GLASS ARTICLES.

WM fl 2 p h LPPLIOA'I' IONTILED BUY. 11' 1909.

114%66666 QZWM J. I. ARBOGAST.

IAOHIHE FOR FORMING AND BLOWING GLASS ARTICLES.

Patanted July 25, 1911.

APPLICATION FILED FDV. 11, 1809. 998,735.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 lnw/zlr Jalz I i. s 5.5 55k.

E AT OF ICE JOHN I. "aasoeasr, or rrrrsiaons, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR FORMING AND BLOWING GLASS ARTICLES.

Allegheny and-State of Pennsy1vania,-have invented ,certain newanduseful Improvements in Machines for Forming and Blow ing Glass Articles,of which the following is a specification, reference being had thereinto the accompanying drawing. y

' This invention relates to .a machine for forming and blowing glassarticles, and ,more particularly' to thejshapin ;of glass into bottlesandsimilar 'receptac es having narrow necks.

The object ofmy "invention is to provide a -i'nachin'e'of; the above'type for expeditiously and economically producing glass receptacleshaving symmetrical proportions, regular contours and artist-icfeatureswhich characterize the'highest ads of either .hand-workpor machine-ma eglass articles.

My invention inits broadest aspect 'com'- prehends the use'ofmanuallahorin'connec- ;tion with my machine for producin artistic ware witha'sgreat a rapidity an with a greater degree of accuracy and thanautomatic machines which devised in. an attempt to accom lish the sameresults. -I have ascertained yjactua'l experienc'elthat -the fluidity,consistency or iragility of glass Will'ndfi permit automatic machines'toobtain that degree of perfection andfuniformity as when undermanual-con- ..tidl. Furthermore, it has been heretofore impossible-1oobtain erfect' narrowmecked bottles .by the use, 0 automatic machines,"particularly by a continuance or step-to-step ;o'peration. ',l am awarethat the production such ware has been attempted, for instaricbymachines disclosed in Patents No. 565287-grantcd CQ'V. Arbo 'astISep't;22, v 1896, andN QTGGfZGS grantec LLGIOWenS,

I -Augag, 1904;. first atentan apparahis; is ,show n 'for making allowglass; ware j vand it; is impossible to exped t ously and,

continuous y carry, on. the method. therein f ;describcd especially whenl it is desired to y produce ware as m 1 gas ,glass 'cantbe gathered andintroduce m ldg-f In the last-4 enti'oned patent, whichQdisclpses'an.exceedingl large an p v siye machine, cons ders troublefis"e rp.erienced in maintaining-the same in an opera expenfti-vecondition and in connection with this machine, as-well as the oneheretofore relperfection ave been into the blank glass ware by ipjrovidhng1 Specification of'LettersPatent. t t J 1 25, 191 Applicationfiled November 11, 1909. Serial No. 521,542.

ferred to, it is impossible to produce gl'ass ware of the highest orderhaving the requisite qualifications from either an esthetio orcommercial standpoint.

- It is a well known fact that glass has certain well definedlimitations, since itwis so susceptible in its plastic state to theleast perceptible change in the atmosphere, in the condition of a moldand in the manner in which it is. handled. For instance, glassin' itsproper condition needonly be guided to the formdeslred and it is veryeasily moved when 1n this condition, but allow it to slightly cool andthen it isimpossible for any force to move it without rupturing,crizzling, or cracking the glass. Alarge percent-age ofnarrow-neckedarticles made by automatic machines are cracked or haveimperfectlons that necessitates the use of a gas 3st in order to weld'or'remove the cracks.

or imperfections, thus adding expense tothe production of articlesproduced by an, auto matic machine. Further, glass is susceptible-whenin its plastic state to changesjso far as heat is concerned. As aninstance, a

draft around an automatic machine will cool the plastic lassalmost twiceas fast as a still atmos ere, consequently[handling-it autom'atica 1y itis im ossible to obtain two successive blanks of 't e same.-temperature.-

Furthermore, two batches of molten glass, even though they are made fromthe same material and obtained from-,a common 4 source or-mixture, arenot always-of the same consistency or nature. ;Sometim es.it is soft andat other times it ac'quiresra hard consistency ornature, and the =me'ans01 workin glass; of a hard or softnature. are altoget er different.natured glass requires patience and slow working while" hard naturedglass must be rapidly v apparent that with glassin its lastic state thatit-requires" manual labor an thebestz of judgment to ,handle the sameand produce the 'best-"resultsm An automatic machine as shown *inPat'entT663658 cannot handle each batch-"of-plast'ic material asit should behandled-and as 'its own conditiomre tliffesr" Itis this l'a'strnentioned' mdchinet'hat. aim

to eliminate asa factorinthe 'prQd'uctioir of 'amachine that is urable,easy'tof-hpsimple in construction,

crate, ca able' of producing first-class ware,-

ly eficient for the production of various styles and sizes of articles.

As an example,- soft used and workedfflt is therefore this understandingof the above recited objects, my invention will be hereinafterconsidered in detail and then claimed, and reference will now be had tothe drawingsforming a nut of this specification, wherein there isillustrated the preferred embodiments of my invention, but it is to beunderstood that the structural elements thereof'can be varied or changedas to the size. proper tion and manner of assemblage without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

In the drawings :-Figure 1 isa. side elevation of my machine partlybroken away. Fig. 2 is a erspective view of a neck ring adapted toormpartof the machine. Fig. 3 is a plan of the same. Fig. 4 is avertical sectional view of a portion of the machine. Fig. 5 is avertical sectional view of a on tion of the machine adapted to be use inthe production of cylinders from which window glass is made. Fig. 6 is avertical sectional view of an, article adapted to be made by my improvedmachine. Fig. 7'is a horizontal sectional view of a portion of themachine illustratinga means for intermittently'moving parts'of themachine. Fig.

8 is a side elevation of a cylinder adapted to' be produced by themachine and from which window glass'can be made, and Fig.9 is anelevation of another form of article which can be produced by themachine.

In the accompanying drawings, the reference numeral 1 denotes a pedestalhavingthe upper end thereofenlarged to provide a bearing 2 formed with acentral vertical.

position b radially isposed arms or spokes 9 and wit 1 the frame 7superim osed relative to the frame 8, the height 0 the frame 7 above theframe 8 being determined by the let: th of the sleeve 4 and the depth ofthe mo ds to be carried upon the frame 8. The 50 same fastening meansemployed for secur ing the frame 8 to the lower end of the sleeve 4 isemployed for securing a ratchet wheel 10 to the under side of the hub 6of the frame 8. 3 The number. of-teeth carried by the. ratchet wheel 10corresponi is' to the number of moldsi carried by the frame 8, and inconnection with theratchet wheel 10 a suitable mechanism'or device isemployed for imparting an intermittent movement to ..the frames 7 and 8,which through the medium'of the sleeve 4 and their connections areadaptedto move in unison. As an 'example of a device that can be usedforintermittently revolving theframes?v and 8 reference will be had' toFigs. 1 and 7 glass and ada ted to be.

olpened, asbest shown at the upper side of figs-3,

The pedestal 1 is provided with a bracket 11 adapted to support asolenoid 12 hnvin the core 13 thereof provided with a pivoted pawl 14adapted to engage the teeth 15 of the ratchet Wheel 10 forintermittently rotating the latter, said pawl in its operative movementbeing guided and held in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheelby a vertical guide flange 16 provided therefor upon the bearing 2. Thecore 13 of the solenoid provided with a retractile spring 17 adapted torestore the core and pawl 14 to their normal osition when the solenoid12 is deenergize It is obvious that a suitable source of electrical eneras batteries 18, is used in connection wit the solenoid and forsuccessively energizing the solenoid a rotary switch 19 canbe used anddriven by suitable power- (not shown). The switch 19, as I haveillustrated the same, comprises a revolublc disk provided with contacts2( correspondin in number to the teeth of the ratchet whee 1'0, and thecontacts 20 are adapted to engage a contact. arm 21 and 'es tabhsh acirciiit throu h the solenoid each and every time one o the contacts 20.engages the arm 21. An ordinary hand-switch 22cm be incorporated in thecircuit whereby the circuit can be broken, without a ces- 'sation in theoperation of the rotary switch, when it is desired to stop the inachine.

The circular revoluble frames 7 and 8 are identical in construction..The peripheryof each frame intermediate the ends of the arms or spokes)is off-set by an inwardly projecting semi circular mold siipportinportion 23, each portion being provided wit a central hingepost 24.Connected to the hingepost 24 of the frame 7 by pins 25 are blank-molds26 made in two parts adapted to'be closed when receiving a gatheringofswung open to release the at iermg ,of lass a to been sha'. into a bla"by said molds. The portion 23 of the frame 7 at diametrically o posedpoints, which are within the circum erence of the frame, is providedwith sockets 27 for the trunnions 28 of neckrings 29, theserings beinmade ofhingesections, whereby they can e slightly and inorder to provideclearancefor the ,trunnions 28,'sa1d trunnio'ns-are loosely mounted. inthe sockets 27 andsaid sockets shaped to allow sufficient movement ofthetrunnion's'in slightly separating the arts of the neckring. "As bestshown in 1 .1 of the drawings, the blank-molds 26 wen closed are adaptedto maintain the. neckrin ina horizontal position in enga ement witthelower ends ofnthe blank-mo ds'and the neck-forming recess 30 of the"neckring in communication with the -bla nkrforming recesses 31ofthelblank-molds 26, 'wh'e themolten glas'splaced in the blank-moivertedand sw" .7

beneath e-bIank-mold;*wh1ch is poinLC,

-vol'ved andsto' ma adamiam BO-of than --i 'snd'the blankxformed asshowniit'the handd Tnsm hmsm s. located smart the franmgvg as mfiagdwith gblww-molds a2 madcprtwopparts'mndada' to be opened sw m fif i kffihe m s' and. closedtlie-b1owingoperation, as

will hherei'naft'evrL 'rf ThehBighi-flfflle frame 7 above ne ates-issuch" that amthe preparstion,='of the masseuse-k rings 29 'witlifthe;blank n olds 26; thenswing -into""position *to' cooperatewith theblow-nioldsw. during the blowing of the The'ffact that the neck-ringsserve first the blank-molds and. then "the blow-molds and are essentialin causing these molds to cooperate inj-produeingan article will appearl'n the general 0 ration; of the machine as it will-nowllie ascribedparticularly in conneetion with Fig. 3 of the drawings As heretoforestated, :I' aim to usemanual labor in connection with the niachine andas an exampleof the labor employed, I will assume theta boy is stationedat the point designated A; forgatherin glass and placin it in' theclosed blan 1nold '2'6.

ot or boy can be stationed at the'poin't B for cuttin or .severin theglass that-fen tore the .b ank-moldw2 from the gatherer.

These two operations have been performed" while the frames 7 and 8 arestationary, and the rotary switch 19 is timed or regulated so thatimmediately upon these two-opera tions being completed the frames Tend-8will be revolved in unison and theblankthe lower part heldby the neck-ri1:11.0 neck-.ring-thentilts and the blank 3 1s 1ninto the :blow-mold32 3s. oene to receive the blank. The. be "at tli e station C tontrols themovement 0 the blank 33 5.11 swingingfinto the blow-mold and hecan-close. theblow-mold u n erblan'k or allow this operation to f d y hboy, F pipe. Assuming lwever that the blowmoldisclosed by the bostationed tit-film the ii-antes 7 and Bareagam' reat station-D. he boyQt thisstation the blow-mold, if it hasnot been previously. done by theboy at the station C, and lowers the frames adapted toreceive air item asuitab e-source. and thmpassage, of airithrough said pipe is the boy atthe station Cthe. blank-mold is opened, re leasingthe upper part oftheblank33 while ill-front of a boy located ported above ow-pi 34 iscontrolled b a suitable valve ,35. Since the blank-mold" ocatedabove,the blow-mold has remaiz'aed open during the.;mov'ement of the names 7and-8, the' blowipe34 oan be eas'ilykpulled down by the' oy atthestation'D and asufiicientquantity of air inected into the blow-mold to.blow, the blank and fo'rm the article shown e't-the. righthandsideofFig; 4'. By the timethfit'the boy stationed at the point D has shut ofl?'the 'air and raised the pipe 34;,- the friunes 7 and 8 are adapted toagain Inoveand upon reaching theboy stationed at the oint E, "theneck-ring 29 is slightly open to res lease the ne' 36 of thearticle 3f?andthen ,the-bloW-mold is opened and the article discharged from themachine. It is at the station or pointE-that the blank-mold abovetheblow-mold canbe closedrwhereby when it again passes to 'the b'oystationed atthe point A, it will be in position to receive the glassgathered by the boy.

Fromthe foregoing it will be observed that five boys are employed inconnection with .the machine and as each and every one of these boys areskilled in their particular line, they are enabled to judge thecharacter of the work. produced by the machine and regulate theoperation of the ma-' chine in order that the work willbe properlyperformed. For instance, the b0 at the station C whenreleasing-the blan33 from the blank-mold can readily determine there and then that theblank is properly shaped; and it is at this particular station that theneck-ring cooperates with both molds by being invertible or capable ofholding the blank while itisxswung 'from the blank-mold into theblow-moldy The imrtance of the invertible neok-rin is.thereore ap arnt,when it is consider that the blown ollow articles canbe produ e ijust asrapidly as .the'boyat thetstationA can:

' ther glass. The output of the machine is t ereforeas great as anyautomatic machine and a greater ,d rea of certainty; is obtained in viewof the" act that each-operation is under the control of. an operator,skilledtto determine-the accuracy. of each ,opcrationl Before furtherconsidering the. machine for theproduction oi blown hollow werereference will be had-t0 Fig.5 of the-dra w -[have illustrated a portion.of the machine can be used for manufac-i turi'ngwiiidowrgglass; It isonly necessary wherein to, use theupper revoluble frame 7 and, in thisinstance ,the blank-molds can be made .verylarge to produce blanksoffconsiderable' length, which are 'adapted to be. suspended from theframe 7 by the neck-rings 29. The

blank 38 as'shown in Figs: 5 and 8 can be I ada te of any desiredlength, and. after the blank has been released from. the. blank-mold,the table 7 is revolved to a desired position, the blow-pi e 34- lowcrcdand the blank blown, for instance to the size shown in Fig. 8. It isduring this blowing operation that a boy can be SillilU'fH-Hl with abutler 3!) to control the formation and movement of the lower end of theblank as it. is blown, thereby preventing any irregularities that mightter minute by blowing out. After the article has been blown to formacylinder, the ends of the cylinder can be capped at the placesindicated 40 in the ordinary and well-known manner, and then thecylinder fractured or split, as indicated at 41., thus preparing thecylinder to be placed upon a flattening stone within an oven and spreadout to form a sheet of glass.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new, is

l. A machine of the type described comprising superimposed framesrcvoluble about a vertical axis, a plurality of blank molds arrangedupon the uppermost frame, a plurality of blow molds located upon thelowermost frame beneath the blank mold of the uppermost frame,invertible neck rings adapted to first, cooperate with said blank moldsand then invert and coiiperate with said blow molds and provided withtrunnions, and supporting means for the trunnions carried by the upperof said frames, said supporting means of a length with respect to thetrunnions to allow the neck rings to be slightly 0 cued. 2. A machine oft 1e ty e describedcomprising superimposed rames revoluble about avertical axis, a plurality of blank molds arranged upon the uppermostframe, a plurality of blow molds located upon the lowermost framebeneath the blank molds of the up ermost frame, invertible neck rings dto first cooperate with said blank mol and then invert and coiiperatewith said blow molds and provided in proximity to one face withoppositely-disposed trun Mom, and said upper-frame having its upper faceprovided with sockets for the reception of said'trunnions, said socketsof such length with respect to the trunnions as to allow said neck ringsto be slightly opened. i

3. A machine of the ty e described comprising superimposed ramesrevoluble about a vertical axis, a plurality of sec lional blank moldsarrai'iged upon the upperll'lOSL frame and. capable of being'opened, aplurality of sectional blow molds located upon the lowermost framebeneath the blank molds of the uppermost frame and capable of beingopened, said blow molds and said blank molds provided with handles,invertible neck rings each formed of a plurality of 55 sections hingedtogether and adapted to first cooperate with said blank molds and theninvert and coiiperatc' with said blow molds, a trunnion projectinglaterally from each of the sections of each ring and p0si tinned inproximity to one face of its rcspeo tlve section, and supporting meanscarried by the upper face of the uppermost frame for said trunnion.

4. Amachine of the type described comprising superimposed framcs'revoluble/ about a vertical axis, a plurality of sectional blank moldsarranged upon the u permost frame and capable of being openc a pluralityof sectional blow molds located upon the lowermost frame bei'icath theblank molds of the uppermost frame and capable of being 0 cued, saidblow molds and said blank mo] 5 provided with handles, invertible neckrings each formed of a plurality of sections hinged together and adaptedto first cooperate with said blank molds and then invert and cooperatewith said blow molds, a trunnion projecting laterally from each 'of thesections of each ring and positioned. in proximit to one face of itsrespective section, an means carried by the upper face of the uppermostframe and constitut ing sockets for the reception of the trunnion, saidsockets of such-1c h with respect to the trunnion as to al ow the neckrings to be slightly opened," and a handle for each section of'th neckring.

5. A machine of the type described comprising superimposed framesrevoluble about a vertical axis, a pluralityof blank molds arranged uponthe uppermost frame, a plurality of blow molds located upon thelowermost frame beneath the blank molds of the uppermost frame,invertible neck rings adapted to first coiipcrate with saidv blank moldand then invert and coiiperate with saidblow molds and provided withoppositely-disposed trunnions, and said upper frame having its upperface provided with sockets for the reception of said trunnions, saidsockets of such length with respect to the trunnions as to allow saidneck rings t( be slightly opened, and said uppermost frame cut-awa atits edges toprovidc clearances for the s lifting of the neck rings.

6. A. machine of the type described comprising superimposed framesrevoluble about a vertlcal axis, a plurality of sectional blank moldsarranged upon the u per-mostframe and'capablc of being opene a pluralityof sectional blow molds located upon the lowermost frame beneath theblank moldsof the uppermost frame and capable of being opened, said blowI molds and said blank molds provided with handles, invertible neckrings each formed of a plurality of sections hinged together and adaptedto first c.0- operate withsaid blank molds-and then invert andcoiiperate with said blow molds, a trunnion prqeeting laterally fromeach of the molds arranged upon the sections of each ring and positionedin 'prox lhuty to one face of its respective" section,

and sufpporting means carried by the upper,

face 0 the up ermost'frame for said trunnions, and sea uppermost framecut-away at its to provide clearances for the shifting ofthe neck rings.

7 A machine of. the type described oomprismg superimposed-framesrevoluble about averti'ebl axis, a lurality ofsectionalblank p I up'ermost frame and; capable ofbemg opened sectional blow molds locatedupon the owermost frame beneath the blank molds of the uppermost frameand capable of being opened, isaid blow molds and said blank moldsprovided with handles, invertible neckrings each formedoi-aplurality ofsec-- tions hinged together andada ted to first.

cooperate. with said blank moi, s and then invert and 006 erate withsaid blow molds,

a. trunnion-projecting laterall "-frOin each of the, sections ofeachirin and positioned in proximity to one face o its respectivesecti'omfland means carried bythe upper face offthe uppermost frame andconstituting sockets ,for' the. reeeptionof the trunnion, said socketsofsuch length with respect to. the trunnion as to allow the neck ringsto be slightly opened, and a handle for each section of the-neck rings,and said uppermost frame cut. awayatlits edges to provide clearances forthe shifting of the necktrings. 8. A machine of the type described'com-' ,pi ising superimposedlframes, means for con nectin the framestogether at .the center thereo a pedestal, a vertically-disposed postcarried by the pedestal and extending through said means and frame andabout which said frames are. capable of revolving, a ratchet wheel;secured to the lowermost frame andthroughwhich extends'said post,

, a pluralit qof inter-mitten means engag ng with said ratchet wheel forintermittent y rotating said frames, a plurality of blank molds arrangedupon the .uppermost frame, a plurality of blow molds through said meansand frame and about.

which said frames are capable of revolving, a ratchet wheel secured tothe lowermost frame and through whichextends said ,ost, means enga gwith said ratchet whee for 5; rotating said frames, .a plurality ofblank molds arranged'upon the uppermos't frame, a plurality of 'blowmolds located upon the lowermost frame beneath the blank mol'ds of theuppermost frame, invertible neck rings adapted to first cooperate withsaid blank molds and then invertand "cooperate with said blow molds andprovided with trunnions, and supporting means for the -'trunni'onscarriel by the upper of said frames,,said supportingmeans of such lengthwith respect to the trunnions as to allow the neck rings to lie-slightlyopened.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

JOHN I. ARBOGAST. Witnesses:

KARL H, BUTLER, Max H. SROLOVITZ.

ds and then invert.

